Survey on Data-Centric based Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

The great concern for energy that grew with the technological advances in the field of networks and especially in sensor network has triggered various approaches and protocols that relate to sensor networks. In this context, the routing protocols were of great interest. The aim of the present paper is to discuss routing protocols for sensor networks. This paper will focus mainly on the discussion of the data-centric approach (COUGAR, rumor, SPIN, flooding and Gossiping), while shedding light on the other approaches occasionally. The functions of the nodes will be discussed as well. The methodology selected for this paper is based on a close description and discussion of the protocol. As a conclusion, open research questions and limitations are proposed to the reader at the end of this paper

Fuzzy Logic-based Trusted and Power-aware Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) have attracted much attention from researchers lately because MANETs are able to provide networks in areas with unavailable fixed network infrastructure. However, some mobile nodes may misbehave by dropping packets to conserve power usage because mobile ad-hoc networks nodes are usually battery operated. In this paper, a fuzzy logic-based routing protocol that considers the battery level of nodes, hop count, and trust among the nodes is proposed. The proposed routing protocol adaptively selects routes that use minimum hop count with the highest level of trust and a sufficient battery level to enhance the reliability of route selection while maintaining the percentage of successfully delivered packets. The result of the simulation shows that the proposed protocol can achieve a high ratio of successfully delivered packets, a lower average end-to-end delay, and a normalized routing load